Monday, July 18, 2011

The Variegated Carp in Pinling 坪林的錦鯉

鯉,觀賞魚怎麼會出現在坪林的金瓜寮溪中?想當然爾是不當人為野放!從民國98年2月~12月受學術單位所託,在金瓜寮進行外來魚種調查及移除工作,鯉魚或錦鯉便是攔砂壩上游主要的對象。
Variegated carp should be the appreciate fish in garden, how can it be found in Jing Gua Liao Stream? No doubtly it was introduced by people. We have been consigned by academic institution to condut field investigation and removal of invasive fish since Febuary to December of 2009. Carps is the primary target above the upstream of check dam.
魚或錦鯉出現後,不僅溪流中的螺貝類,如川蜷、瘤蜷;甲殼類,如粗糙沼蝦遭到威脅,就連原生溪魚的產卵場也出現危機,加上牠們喜愛掘底攝食的特性,很容易將潭區泥沙捲起,增加溪水中的懸浮微粒,進而提升陽光加溫的效率,使溪水溫度上升。

The existence of carp not only threatens the native shells and shrimps in the stream, carps also occupies the riverbed where native fish lays egg. Additionally, carps often search food by excavating on the riverbed, and such feeding behavior raises the mud in the pool. The muddy water absorbs much heat from sun shine easily which cause water temperature raise higher.

鑑於此,先前的採樣與打標,以及甲殼類定量調查就顯得很重要了。因為有了這些數據,才可以在秋季進行移除作業。而本文的錦鯉,當然是對象之一,打完標再釋獲的牠,就等秋天時護溪隊一併以網具移除吧!
The sample collection, tag hitting and quantitatively investigation were the critical works during the research. After acquiring sufficient data on hand, then we can remove invasive species in the autumn. The variegated carp with tag, of course, was the removal target. By the autumn, the inspection team would use net to remove invasive species, and the carp would not be luckily released again.

護區釣取鯉魚最難的是「如何閃過其他原生魚類的搶食」,因此吐司毛鉤成了不錯的利器,但技巧上卻大大不同於一般河川的毛鉤釣鯉技巧。調查當天,單車道上的遊客中,最後終於有一位婦人,看出「目標只有鯉魚」的奧妙。
The most difficult part for fishing carp in conservation zone is how to avoid hooking the other native fish.  Thus, toast fly was the good solution.  Among the tourists on the bike way, only one woman was well aware that I targeted the variegated carp as the only one objective.

Wednesday, April 6, 2011

A Fantastic Museum for Fly Anglers ─ German Fishing & Hunting Museum一個令釣魚人瘋狂的博物館:慕尼黑漁獵博物館


尼黑最令我感到瘋狂的,不是啤酒節,而是一間博物館,一間專為漁獵愛好人士而設的漁獵文物博物館。垂釣與畋獵不只是人類獲取肉類食物的方式,也是中世紀貴族所從事的消遣活動 (請參考Julian Bernes所著的釣魚論文),因此,垂釣與畋獵活動在西方社會頗受人們的重視。慕尼黑漁獵博物館除了展示了許多漁獵戰利品與標本,獵槍、竹竿、魚鉤、漁獵飾品等各式漁獵器具的收藏更是令我驚奇不已。

The thing appeals to me in Munich is not Oktoberfest but a museum, a museum for the one who has passion on hunting and fishing. The Museum is Deutsches Jadg und Fischerei Museum (German Hunting and Fishing Museum). Hunting and fishing are not merely the ways people to get meat, they were also the sports for upper class people in the ancient time (refer to Treatise of Fishing with an Angle, by Julian Bernes). With such background, fishing and hunting are valued by people in the western. There were many great trophies of games in the museum, beside, those great numbers of hunting rifles, fishing poles, artificial flies and the other related works really amazed me.

獵博物館的門口兩側,分別設有一座造型生動的野豬和鯰魚塑像。就如同我所料想的,不少路過博物館門口的遊客總是喜歡站在塑像旁邊拍照留念,小朋友們尤其喜歡將自己的小腦袋塞入鯰魚的大口中,然後拍下一張滑稽的照片,這樣的情景,每天都不斷的在博物館的門前上演。余以為博物館人員應該在塑像旁邊設一個小費箱,向拍照的遊客們酌收點小費,或許可以藉此為博物館帶來一筆不錯的業外收入呢!

There were two lively sculptures of games at the gate of museum. One is wild hog and the other one is catfish. Just as what I expected, many tourists seemed to show more interesting to the sculptures than the museum. Kids, always preferred to put their heads into the big mouth of catfish then took a funning picture. This was a very common phenomenon that appeared in front of the gate of museum every day. I thought that the museum should put a tip box at the side of sculptures, asking for some tips from tourists. Perhaps by doing so, the museum might be able to gain a well extra income.


More information: http://www.jagd-fischerei-museum.de/
Note: Photography is allowed in the museum.

Sunday, March 27, 2011

Is fishing difficult? 釣XX魚,難嗎?

聽到有某些新進釣友說:「釣某種魚好難喔!」;也有某些稍微進階的釣友臭屁地說:「釣某種魚很難嗎?」;但真的是這樣嗎?是片面之詞?還是各說各話?
個問題必須回到釣魚活動的本質,及釣魚活動的「元素」。所有戶外活動都有四個基本元素,即環境、人、器材及知識技術;爬山有山,有背包、睡袋,有攀爬野營技術;單車有道路,有單車、車衣,有騎乘技術;但偏偏釣魚多了一個,那就是「魚」。換句話說,除了這個活動本身外,還有一個「對象」,而且是活生生的。即然是生物,牠就有多樣性、變異性,也就是這一條與另一條有差別,甚至還有學習力。
為什麼「越來越難釣」?這其實是「人擇」,尤其是所有釣客會攜帶漁獲的釣場。筆者曾參加過一個垂釣實驗,在同一個保護區釣場中,以三個很會釣魚的高手,在每場40分鐘一階段,然後休息60分鐘,再重複釣三場次,便會發現魚雖然還很多,卻不上鉤了。為什麼呢?「因為會吃餌的已經差不多都被釣起來了」,這個實驗又與一個日本的研究有類似的結果。日人曾在某個湖中長期取樣日本鯽,且依照釣獲順序編號,如A點的第一尾為A1,第二尾為A2,然後以此類推,編完號後原地放生,結果發現雖然A點的魚可能跑到B、C、D…,C點的魚可能留在原地或移到A、B、D,但被捕獲的「順序」卻很接近,即「笨的就是笨的」!
這真的是笨嗎?恐怕不能這樣解釋。比較敢攝食,索餌比較兇,在自然界長的大、長的快,因此取得交配權或產卵數(質)比較好,那牠的基因便比較容易延續。然愛吃與好吃的魚面對釣客時,卻成了「笨」!而笨的少了,聰明的(較不受釣餌吸引者)變成多數,而牠們繁衍的後代,聰明的也變多了。
過魚兒也不是笨的不會進步,如果有機會脫鉤、斷線逃跑,或是釣者自行釋獲,那會增加牠們的經驗值。根據國外一篇論文的研究,鯉魚的記憶力可達三年,只是牠必須得吃,所以得在經驗與誘惑中選擇,而那份掙扎就只有牠自己知道了。

Tuesday, February 15, 2011

落英繽紛

台灣櫻花開說明春天要來了,雖然水還冷,但這天曲腰還挺捧場的,只可惜體型小了些,僅40公分左右。微微涼意下,露臉的太陽帶來和煦春色,在順水漂流的櫻花中搏魚,真是幸福的氛圍啊!

Tuesday, January 18, 2011

坪林國小溪流生態教育

過許多年推動溪流保育的工作經驗,覺得還是只有孩童對於新觀念的接受度最高,於是在中華民國自然生態保育協會的邀請,以及斯洛華奇水晶的經費贊助下,於2008年秋季~2009年夏季間,籌辦了一學年的坪林國小兒童溪流生態教育課程,並以坪林國小生態社的小朋友做為授課對象。













為期一年的課程中,除了以室內課說明溪流生態環境、物種、食物網,以及現在的環境破壞問題,還以實際外出參訪與實習,比較當地溪流與城市溪流的差異。此外,也以實際體驗的方式,了解魚類採集、測量、分類等工作。最後再以成果發表的方式,將心得呈現。

這是個人首次長時間對小朋友授課,除了更進一步了解小朋友的觀念外,也對於授課技巧磨練不少,更重要的是,從他們的學習成果看來,台灣的保育還是有希望的!



註:在此感謝SWANS的每位朋友、坪林國小的劉校長、黃老師,以及阿仁。